Informatics Publishing Limited

C. Ganesh ¹, C. H. Lenin Babu ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of EEE, Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Rajampet, Kadapa - 516126, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

This project gives a microgrid made up of distinctive Distributed Generation (DG) models that are connected with the submission lines. A vitality administration model is connected to arrange the highlights of the distinctive DG models in the microgrid for framework associated and islanded highlights. This paper proposed microgrid have PV array as a DG unit. Since power generated by a PV array is not constant. In order to maintain stability of grid a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is used to support the grid. The outline is affirmed through different test circumstances to demonstrate the utilitarian capacity of the recommended microgrid, and the procured results are said. Kalman filters are used to extract the harmonic component of distorted source voltage and load current and to generate the necessary references for the controller. In larger power system causes steady state and transient problems. In order to conquer these problems a new Model Predictive Control (MPC) is used.

Keywords

Distributed Generation (DG), Power Management, Microgrid, Photovoltaic (PV), Kalman Filters, Model Predictive Control (MPC)

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K. Pavan Kumar ¹, Dilip Kumar Barik ¹, Ch. Manideep ¹

Affiliations
1 SMBS, VITUniversity, Vellore - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Urban storm water management is an important aspect of any urban area development, planning and expansion. Urbanization of an area invariably leads to increase in overall imperviousness of the area. When land becomes impervious, storm water will stagnate on the surface thereby affecting the infrastructure, transportation and causing inconvenience to general populace. One way to minimize these effects is to provide a proper storm drainage system. In this paper, therefore, a small urban region was selected and for that region suitability of three different storms sewer systems were considered. The urban area considered for case study lies in the northern part of the Vellore town, and has a total area of about 25 km2. For this region three different storm drainage systems were proposed, namely, construction of a new underground circular sewer system (Alternative 1), repair and expansion of existing surface sewer system (Alternative 2) and construction swales (Alternative 3). Of the three options, Alternative 2 was found to be economical; however it can be argued that from efficiency and aesthetics point of view 1 and 3 will be preferred alternatives. Alternative 3 can be used as a management measure for recharging groundwater aquifers, along with storm water drainage. The final selection of the option however, will depend on the suitability of the method, budgetary constraints and space availability.

Keywords

Storm Water Management, Storm Sewer Design, Urban Hydrology

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K. Kavitha ¹, K. Bindu Sree ², P. Jaya Preethi ², K. Pavan Kumar ², R. Rajvel ², T. Sivakumar ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Koorapalayam Piruvu, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Pharmacy, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Erode, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The coumarin-3-carboxylate prepared by known Knovengeal condensation. The coumarin-3-carbohydrazide prepared by reaction between formed carboxylate derivative with Hydrazine hydrate. The condensation of coumarin-3-carbohydrazide (CD-3) with phenylisothiocynate gives coumarin-3-carbo-N-phenylthiosemicarbazide (CD-4). The cyclization of CD-4 under different reaction conditions gives 1, 3, 4-oxadiazole, 1,3,4- thiadiazole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazolidinone and thiopyrimidone. The synthesized compounds were charectarized by spectral analysis (IR, 1HNMR, Mass). All the compounds were screened for their Antiinflammatory, Analgesic and Antituberculosis activity. The disc diffusion method was used for Antituberculosis activity. The MIC was determined by the micro broth dilution method using Mueller-Hinton broth. The Analgesic activity was performed by Acetic acid induced method. The Antiinflammatory activity was performed by Carrageenan induced paw edema method.

Keywords

Knovengeal Condensation, Phenylisothiocynate, Characterization, Anti Tuberculosis Activity.

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Bindu Sree Koduru ¹, Akshay R. Shinde ¹, P. Jaya Preeti ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ¹, R. Rajavel ¹, T. Sivakumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Chemistry, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The compounds of different Pyrazoline derivatives were synthesized by cyclization of substituted chalcone derivatives in presence of hydrazine hydrate (a-e). All the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectral analysis (IR, MS and NMR). The REMA (Resazurin Microtiter Assay) plate method was used for anti-tuberculosis activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the newly synthesized compound was tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H₃₇R_V. The Analgesic activity was performed by Acetic acid induced method. The Anti-inflammatory activity was performed by Carrageenan induced paw edema method.

Keywords

Chalcone, Hydrazine Hydrate, Pyrazoline Derivatives, Characterization, Anti-Tuberculosis Activity.

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Veeramreddy Venkata Gopala Reddy , K. S. Roy , K. Pavan Kumar

Abstract

Mechatronics is one of the promising trends in the era of computing in industry automation and control system today. The proposed project is one such attempt to design an accelerometer-based system to communicate with an industrial robotic arm wirelessly. This project involves the design and implementation of robotic arm driven based LPC1768 Cortex-M3 core. The core has to be interfaced with DC motors robotic arm to control the movements of the robotic arm. ADXL335 accelerometer is a three-dimensional sensor used for this purpose, the accelerometer sensor of gesture capture human forearm and produces three analog output voltages on three dimensional axes. And two flexion sensors are used to control the movement of grip. For the different movements of the accelerometer and flex sensors are sent to the corresponding characters Cortex-M3 core wirelessly using 2.4GHz RF module. And depending on the character received robotic arm can be controlled in static or dynamic mode through communication with the EEPROM using the I2C protocol

Keywords

Accelerometer,Roboticarm,Arduino,RF transceiver, CORTEX M-3,

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P. Jaya Preethi ¹, K. Bindu Sree ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ¹, R. Rajavelu ¹, T. Sivakumar ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmacy, Nandha College of Pharmacy and Research Institute, Koorapalayam Piruvu, Erode-638052, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

In the present study, a series of 4-thiazolidinones and 2-azetidinone derivatives were synthesized by refluxing Schiff bases with different aromatic aldehydes. Schiff bases were synthesized by reaction of nicotinamide with hydrazine hydrate. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of IR, 1H-NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. These compounds were screened for anti-tubercular, anti-convulsant anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Anti-Tubercular activity mycobacterium tuberculosis and MIC level of the compounds was less than 6.25 μg/ml. Compound IIIa, IIId, IVa and IVd exhibited good Anti-convulsant activity. Compound IIIa, IIIc IIId, IVa, IVc and IVd exhibited good antibacterial activity on Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. All the synthesized compounds exhibited good Antifungal activity.

Keywords

Schiff Base, Nicotinamide, Hydrazine Hydrate, Anti-Bacterial, Anti-Fungal, Anti-Tubercular, Anticonvulsant.

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K. Pavan Kumar ¹, P. V. Vinay ¹, M. Anil Kumar ², Ch. Anil Kumar ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Gayatri Vidya Parishad College for Degree and PG Courses, School of Engineering, Visakhapatnam – 530045, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, SRKR Engineering College, Bhimavaram, Eluru, West Godavari – 534204, Andhra Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, GITAM University, Visakhapatnam – 530045, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Objectives: The usage of Al6061 metal matrix composites as fins (extended surfaces), and the effect of heat treatment on the MMC's is pursued for the variations in fin efficiency. Methods/Statistical Analysis: Based on above requirement a metal matrix composite is prepared by the addition of silver treated copper particles in different weight percentages to the base metal Al 6061. Then the prepared MMC's are heat treated and solution zed. Test specimens (as-cast and heat treated) are statistically investigated using Taguchi and ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance). The performance of base metal, pre and post heat treated MMC's are compared on the basis of heat dissipation rate in pin fin apparatus for forced convection. Findings: Highest heat input of 65W, concentration of 15% and a distance of 2.7 cm is found to be effective for heat dissipation. Efficiency of heat treated Al 6061 Silver coated Copper MMC has augmented by 39% compared to base metal. Application: These MMC's has major application in heat sinks, Fins of condensers and evaporators etc.

Keywords

Al 606, ANOVA, Heat Dissipation, 1Heat Treatment, MMC’s, Taguchi Analysis.

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K. Pavan Kumar ¹, B. Vinod Kumar ¹, P. Gopi ¹, K. Aruna ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, S.V.U. College of Engineering, Tirupati-517502, IN

Abstract

A spring is an elastic object which is used to store mechanical energy. It can be twisted, pulled or stretched by applying force and returns to its original shape upon release of force. In practice, the spring tends to buckling under the compressive load. Thus, the guiding components are usually used to constrain the buckling deflection, and the spring can continue to work in the normal situation. In these states, the deflection of the spring satisfies the small deformation assumption. This work is helpful in figuring out the behavior of post-buckling of the compressed helical spring. A typical locomotive suspension spring configuration is chosen for this study. This work is mainly concentrated on modeling and analysis of primary suspension spring (20NiCrMo₂) and comparing with the earlier conventional steel helical spring(Chrome Vanadium). The objective of this research is to reduce the overall stresses and deflections of the helical spring by using the new material. The buckling analyses of the locomotive suspension spring are performed using ANSYS 14.0 and compared with analytical results. The spring model is done by using Pro/E Wildfire 4.0.

Keywords

Locomotives, Primary Suspension System, Helical Spring, Modeling, Static Analysis, Ansys 14.0, Pro E-4.

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V. Vani ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management (CDMM), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Water Resource Engineering, School of Civil and Chemical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore - 632014, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Assessment of crop condition is essential for crop monitoring and to predict productivity of the crops. The Remote Sensing data can provide near real time information about the seasonal crop status. A normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) evaluates crop stages by inter-seasonal comparison with spatial and temporal variability. The present study is aimed to assess the crop condition of groundnut in Anantapur district for 2016. Phenological stage retrieval of crop growth is characterised by NDVI. It shows the growth stages for early to high growth period and harvesting period. NDVI images are generated using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) reflectance time series data and identified crop area. Composite seasonal NDVI images were classified into clusters using unsupervised classification (ISODATA) and crop temporal spectral response profiles were prepared from the NDVI images from June to November for 2010, 2012 and 2016. The specific NDVI changing patterns were observed with different crops, this indicates the feasibility of crop delineation with time series NDVI. The extent of groundnut cropped area was extracted in the study area using time series NDVI. The deviation of the NDVI is used to understand the crop growth in different stages and Season’s Max NDVI is used to assess the crop condition in the study area. The study revealed that crop productivity is showing a significant change from 2010 to 2016. In 2010, there were 6 mandals having poor or low condition, where as in 2016, 20 mandals were affected. By adopting this approach crop condition maps were generated.

Keywords

Crop Condition Assessment, Normalised Difference Vegetation Index, Seasons's Max NDVI.

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Nagaveni Chokkavarapu ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ²

Affiliations
1 Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management (CDMM), IN
2 Department of Environmental and Water Resource Engineering, School of Civil and Chemical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore - 632014, TN, IN

Abstract

Land use change is the main factor influencing watershed hydrology and could serve for developing better watershed management practices. The behaviour of each process in hydrology is influenced by its attributes and other processes. Present study analyses the impact of land use change on watershed hydrology in Nallamala forest watershed,India.The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used to simulate runoff using different land use land cover (LULC) maps of 2000 and 2010. In present study land use changes and hydrological responses were quantified to investigate the runoff responses on annual basis time scale using SWAT to study the impacts of land use land cover change. A calibrated SWAT model simulated annual runoff processes for a period of 10 years i.e. 2000 to 2010. Sensitivity analysis for input parameters is analysed using the SUFI-2 algorithm in SWAT_CUP (Calibration Uncertainty Programme). Four SWAT input parameters are more sensitive including CN2.mgt, Delay.gw, sol_awc.sol and sol_k.sol. Hydrological model could simulate runoff for each sub-basin using two land use scenarios 2000 and 2010,soil map and DEM.It is observed that model results using optimised parameters, hydrological processes are better predicted with statistical evaluation methods like Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency(NSE) and Coefficient of determination(R²). The results from present study help to quantify the potential impacts of land use land cover (LULC) change on total yield of water within watershed using SWAT model.

Keywords

Land Use Land Change, Hydrological Response, SWAT, Runoff

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S. Chozhavendhan ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ¹, Puja Sable ¹, R. Subbaiya ¹, G. Karthiga Devi ¹, S. Vinoth ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biotechnology, Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, IN

Abstract

An increase in greenhouse gas effect and depletion of fossil fuel leads to work on alternate renewable source of energy. Biofuel, in which biodiesel has gained its importance over a decade due to its promising characteristics. Crude glycerol is produced as an inevitable byproduct during biodiesel production. The carbon content of the waste glycerol can be utilized by many microorganisms as a cheap carbon and energy source for the production of high value chemicals like ethanol, citric acid, propanediol etc. In this present work simple sequential procedures like distillation, acidification, activated charcoal adsorption, filtration and centrifugation were carried out made to remove major impurities economically and increases the glycerol concentration. The removal of impurities from crude glycerol and the increase in the concentration of glycerol were witnessed from GCMS and GC-FID reports. The procedure followed in this work provided a realistic and concrete target shows a momentous proliferation of increased glycerol concentration from 10.43% to 44 %. The other properties of glycerol were studied and compared with standard methods.

Keywords

Biodiesel, Crude Glycerol, High-Value Chemicals, GC-MS and GC-FID.

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A. Anka Rao ¹, K. Pavan Kumar ², A. Narayana Rao ¹, Narender Malothu ¹, B. Prassana Kumar Desu ¹, Naga Raju Bandaru ¹

Affiliations
1 K L College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh - 522 502., IN
2 Research Scholar, K L College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh-522 502., IN

Abstract

Objective: Highly responsive simple Liquid-liquid Extraction Glipizide development using deuterated Glipizide and Sitagliptin LC-MS/MS Glipizide for gradation of Glipizide and Sitagliptin in rat plasma Glipizide: The chromatographic condition involves, isocratic mode using waters X-Bridge C18 3.5μ (150x4.6mm) column. Mobile phase 0.1% orthophosphoric acid and Acetonitrile in the ratio (80:20) was used and detection was carried out in a positive mode of electrospray ionization by using MS. Results: Glipizide has been validated, the linearity was observed in the range 10-150 ng/ml and 0.1-1.5 ng/ml for Glipizide and Sitagliptin respectively. For intraday and inter-day precision %RSD values were found to be within the acceptable limits. Recovery studies for Glipizide and Sitagliptin obtained was 99.5% and 98.6% respectively. The battery of stability studies like bench-top, Autosampler stability, freeze-thaw, and long term stability was performed. Conclusion: Highly responsive simple liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy assay Glipizidewas developed and witnessed for the gradation of Glipizideand Sitagliptin in rat plasma, the developed Glipizidewas applied to pharmacokinetic studies.

Keywords

LCMS, Glipizide, Sitagliptin, Glipizidevalidation, pharmacokinetic study.

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